Canadian Aviation Regulations (SOR/96-433)

Altimeter-setting and Operating Procedures in the Altimeter-setting Region

602.35 When an aircraft is operated in the altimeter-setting region, each flight crew member who occupies a flight crew member position that is equipped with an altimeter shall

• (a) immediately before conducting a take-off from an aerodrome, set the altimeter to the altimeter setting of the aerodrome or, if that altimeter setting is not obtainable, to the elevation of the aerodrome;

• (b) while in flight, set the altimeter to the altimeter setting of the nearest station along the route of flight or, where the nearest stations along the route of flight are separated by more than 150 nautical miles, to the altimeter setting of a station near the route of flight; and

• (c) immediately before commencing a descent for the purpose of landing at an aerodrome, set the altimeter to the altimeter setting of the aerodrome, if that altimeter setting is obtainable.

Altimeter-setting and Operating Procedures in the Standard Pressure Region

• 602.36 (1) When an aircraft is operated in the standard pressure region, each flight crew member who occupies a flight crew member position that is equipped with an altimeter shall

  • (a) immediately before conducting a take-off from an aerodrome, set the altimeter to the altimeter setting of the aerodrome or, if that altimeter setting is not obtainable, to the elevation of the aerodrome;

  • (b) before reaching the flight level at which the flight is to be conducted, set the altimeter to 29.92 inches of mercury or 1,013.2 millibars; and

  • (c) immediately before commencing a descent for the purpose of landing at an aerodrome, set the altimeter to the altimeter setting of the aerodrome, if that altimeter setting is obtainable.

• (2) Despite paragraph (1)(c), when a holding procedure is being conducted before landing at an aerodrome located in the standard pressure region, each flight crew member who occupies a flight crew member position that is equipped with an altimeter shall set the altimeter to the altimeter setting of the aerodrome immediately before descending below the lowest flight level at which the holding procedure is conducted.

Altimeter-setting and Operating Procedures in Transition between Regions

602.37 Except where otherwise authorized by an air traffic control unit, each flight crew member who occupies a flight crew member position that is equipped with an altimeter shall

• (a) when flying from the altimeter-setting region into the standard pressure region, set the altimeter to 29.92 inches of mercury or 1,013.2 millibars immediately after the aircraft’s entry into the standard pressure region; and

• (b) when flying from the standard pressure region into the altimeter-setting region, set the altimeter to the altimeter setting of the nearest station along the route of flight or, where the nearest stations along the route of flight are separated by more than 150 nautical miles, the altimeter setting of a station near the route of flight immediately before the aircraft’s entry into the altimeter-setting region.

Flight over the High Seas

602.38 The pilot-in-command of a Canadian aircraft that is in flight over the high seas shall comply with the applicable Rules of the Air set out in Annex 2 to the Convention and the applicable Regional Supplementary Procedures set out in Document 7030/4 of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

Transoceanic Flight

602.39 No pilot-in-command of a single-engined aircraft, or of a multi-engined aircraft that would be unable to maintain flight in the event of the failure of any engine, shall commence a flight that will leave Canadian Domestic Airspace and enter airspace over the high seas unless

• (a) the pilot-in-command holds a pilot licence endorsed with an instrument rating;

• (b) the aircraft is equipped with

  • (i) the equipment referred to in section 605.18,

  • (ii) a high frequency radio capable of transmitting and receiving on a minimum of two appropriate international air-ground general purpose frequencies, and

  • (iii) hypothermia protection for each person on board; and

• (c) the aircraft carries sufficient fuel to meet the requirements of section 602.88 and, in addition, carries contingency fuel equal to at least 10 per cent of the fuel required pursuant to section 602.88 to complete the flight to the aerodrome of destination.

Landing at or Take-off from an Aerodrome at Night

• 602.40 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall conduct a landing or a take-off in a heavier-than-air aircraft at night at an aerodrome unless the aerodrome is lighted in accordance with the aerodrome lighting requirements specified in Part III.

• (2) A person may conduct a landing or a take-off in a heavier-than-air aircraft at night at an aerodrome that is not lighted in accordance with the requirements referred to in subsection (1) where

  • (a) the flight is conducted without creating a hazard to persons or property on the surface; and

  • (b) the aircraft is operated

    • (i) for the purpose of a police operation that is conducted in the service of a police authority, or

    • (ii) for the purpose of saving human life.

602.41 [Repealed, SOR/2019-11, s. 16]

Large Unoccupied Free Balloons

602.42 No person shall release an unoccupied free balloon having a gas-carrying capacity of more than 115 cubic feet (3.256 m³) except in accordance with an authorization issued by the Minister pursuant to section 602.44.

Rockets

602.43 No person shall launch a rocket, other than a model rocket or a rocket of a type used in a fireworks display, except in accordance with an authorization issued by the Minister pursuant to section 602.44.

Authorization by the Minister

602.44 The Minister may issue an authorization referred to in section 602.42 or 602.43 where the release of the balloon or the launch of the rocket is in the public interest and is not likely to affect aviation safety.

Kites and Model Rockets

602.45 No person shall fly a kite or launch a model rocket or a rocket of a type used in a fireworks display into cloud or in a manner that is or is likely to be hazardous to aviation safety.

Refusal to Transport

602.46 No air operator or private operator shall transport a person if at the time of check-in or at boarding the actions or statements of the person indicate that the person may present a risk to the safety of the aircraft, persons or property.

Suitable Accommodation

602.47 A private operator or an air operator, as the case may be, shall provide a flight crew member with suitable accommodation for rest periods away from home base.

[602.48 to 602.56 reserved]

Division II — Operational and Emergency Equipment Requirements

Application

602.57 This Division applies to persons operating

• (a) Canadian aircraft; and

• (b) foreign aircraft in Canada where those persons are Canadian citizens, permanent residents or corporations incorporated by or under the laws of Canada or a province.

Prohibition

602.58 No person shall operate an aircraft referred to in section 602.57 unless the operational and emergency equipment required by these Regulations is carried on board.

Equipment Standards

• 602.59 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall operate an aircraft unless the operational and emergency equipment carried on board the aircraft

  • (a) meets the applicable standards specified in the Airworthiness Manual; and

  • (b) is functional.

• (2) Paragraph (1)(a) does not apply in respect of the following operational and emergency equipment:

  • (a) survival equipment;

  • (b) [Repealed, SOR/2019-49, s. 3]

  • (c) a hand-held fire extinguisher, except if carried on board an aircraft operated under Subpart 4 or Part VII, where the extinguisher meets the applicable standards published by the Canadian Standards Association;

  • (d) a first aid kit;

  • (e) aeronautical charts and publications;

  • (f) a timepiece; and

  • (g) a flashlight.

Requirements for Power-driven Aircraft

• 602.60 (1) No person shall conduct a take-off in a power-driven aircraft, other than an ultra-light aeroplane, unless the following operational and emergency equipment is carried on board:

  • (a) a checklist or placards that enable the aircraft to be operated in accordance with limitations specified in the aircraft flight manual, aircraft operating manual, pilot operating handbook or any equivalent document provided by the manufacturer;

  • (b) all of the necessary current aeronautical charts and publications covering the route of the proposed flight and any probable diversionary route, if the aircraft is operated in VFR OTT, night VFR flight or IFR flight;

  • (c) a current database, if the aircraft is operated in IFR flight, in VFR OTT flight or in night VFR flight under Subpart 4 of Part VI or Subpart 2, 3, 4 or 5 of Part VII and database-dependent navigation equipment is used;

  • (d) current data covering the route of the proposed flight and any probable diversionary route, if the aircraft is operated in VFR OTT flight other than VFR OTT flight referred to in paragraph (c) and database-dependent navigation equipment is used;

  • (e) a hand-held fire extinguisher in the cockpit that

    • (i) is of a type suitable for extinguishing fires that are likely to occur,

    • (ii) is designed to minimize the hazard of toxic gas concentrations, and

    • (iii) is readily available to each flight crew member;

  • (f) a timepiece that is readily available to each flight crew member and that displays the time in hours, minutes and seconds;

  • (g) a flashlight that is readily available to each crew member, if the aircraft is operated at night; and

  • (h) a first aid kit.

• (2) A checklist or placards referred to in paragraph (1)(a) shall enable the aircraft to be operated in normal, abnormal and emergency conditions and shall include

  • (a) a pre-start check;

  • (b) a pre-take-off check;

  • (c) a post-take-off check;

  • (d) a pre-landing check; and

  • (e) emergency procedures.

• (3) Emergency procedures referred to in paragraph (2)(e) shall include

  • (a) emergency operation of fuel, hydraulic, electrical and mechanical systems, where applicable;

  • (b) emergency operation of instruments and controls, where applicable;

  • (c) engine inoperative procedures; and

  • (d) any other procedure that is necessary for aviation safety.

• (4) Checks and emergency procedures referred to in subsections (2) and (3) shall be performed and followed where they are applicable.

Survival Equipment — Flights over Land

• 602.61 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall operate an aircraft over land unless there is carried on board survival equipment, sufficient for the survival on the ground of each person on board, given the geographical area, the season of the year and anticipated seasonal climatic variations, that provides the means for

  • (a) starting a fire;

  • (b) providing shelter;

  • (c) providing or purifying water; and

  • (d) visually signalling distress.

• (2) Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of

  • (a) a balloon, a glider, a hang glider, a gyroplane or an ultra-light aeroplane;

  • (b) an aircraft that is operated within 25 nautical miles of the aerodrome of departure and that has the capability of radiocommunication with a surface-based radio station for the duration of the flight;

  • (c) a multi-engined aircraft that is operated south of 66° 30’ north latitude

    • (i) in IFR flight within controlled airspace, or

    • (ii) along designated air routes;

  • (d) an aircraft that is operated by an air operator, where the aircraft is equipped with equipment specified in the air operator’s company operations manual, but not with the equipment required by subsection (1); or

  • (e) an aircraft that is operated in a geographical area where and at a time of year when the survival of the persons on board is not jeopardized.