Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations

Marginal note:Fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value for the 2011 model year

• 18.1 (1) The fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value for the 2011 model year, expressed in grams of CO₂ equivalent per mile, is calculated by dividing 8,887 by the company’s fleet average fuel economy for that model year calculated in accordance with the following formula:

  (Σ (A × B)) ÷ C

  where

  A

  is the fuel economy level for each model type, expressed in miles per gallon, determined in accordance with the following provisions, taking into account subsection 19(2):

  • (a) in the case of advanced technology vehicles, the provisions of section 208 of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart C, of the CFR, for the model year in question, or

  • (b) in all other cases, the provisions of section 510(c)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, for the model year in question;

  B

  is the number of vehicles of the model type in question in the fleet; and

  C

  is the total number of vehicles in the fleet.

• Marginal note:Fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value for 2012 and subsequent model years

  (2) Subject to subsections (8) to (10), a company must calculate the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value for each of its fleets of the 2012 model year and subsequent model years using the following formula:

  (Σ (A × B)) ÷ C

  where

  A

  is the following carbon-related exhaust emission value for each model type and includes, if an election is made under subsection 10(2), the exhaust emission for nitrous oxide (N₂O) and methane (CH₄):

  • (a) in the case of electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles, 0 grams of CO₂ equivalent per mile,

  • (b) in the case of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the value determined in accordance with section 113(n)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart B, of the CFR for the model year in question, taking into account subsection 19(2) and the following clarifications, and expressed in grams of CO₂ equivalent per mile:

    • (i) the value in respect of exhaust emissions is determined in accordance with section 510(j)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, and

    • (ii) the equivalent value in respect of the electricity grid for the electricity that is used to recharge the energy storage system is equal to 0 grams of CO₂ equivalent per mile, or

  • (c) in all other cases, the value determined in accordance with section 510(j)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, for the model year in question, taking into account subsection 19(2), and expressed in grams of CO₂ equivalent per mile;

  B

  is the number of vehicles of the model type in question in the fleet; and

  C

  is the total number of vehicles in the fleet.

• Marginal note:Advanced technology

  (3) When calculating the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value in accordance with subsections (1) and (2) for fleets of the 2011 to 2016 model years, a company may, for the purposes of the descriptions of B and C in subsections (1) and (2), elect to multiply the number of advanced technology vehicles in its fleet by 1.2, if the company reports that election and indicates the number of credits obtained as a result of that election in its end of model year report.

• Marginal note:Multiplier for certain vehicles

  (4) Subject to subsection (5), when calculating the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value in accordance with subsection (2) for fleets of the 2017 to 2025 model years, a company may, for the purposes of the descriptions of B and C in subsection (2), elect to multiply the number of advanced technology vehicles, natural gas vehicles or natural gas dual fuel vehicles in its fleet by the number set out in the following table in respect of that type of vehicle for the model year in question, if the company reports that election and indicates the number of credits obtained as a result of that election and the number of vehicles in question in its end of model year report.

  Item	Column 1	Column 2	Column 3	Column 4
  	Model Year	Electric Vehicle and Fuel Cell Vehicle Multiplier	Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Multiplier	Natural Gas Vehicle and Natural Gas Dual Fuel Vehicle Multiplier
  1	2017	2.5	2.1	1.6
  2	2018	2.5	2.1	1.6
  3	2019	2.5	2.1	1.6
  4	2020	2.25	1.95	1.45
  5	2021	2.0	1.8	1.3
  6	2022	1.5	1.3	1.0
  7	2023	1.5	1.3	1.0
  8	2024	1.5	1.3	1.0
  9	2025	1.5	1.3	1.0

• Marginal note:Requirement — plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

  (5) A company may make an election under subsection (4) in respect of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle of the 2017 to 2025 model years only if the vehicle has an all-electric driving range equal to or greater than 16.4 km (10.2 miles) or an equivalent all-electric driving range equal to or greater than 16.4 km (10.2 miles). The all-electric driving range and the equivalent all-electric driving range are determined in accordance with section 1866(b)(2)(ii) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR.

• Marginal note:Maximum decrease for dual fuel vehicles

  (6) For the purposes of subsections (1) and (2) for fleets of the 2011 to 2015 model years, and for the purposes of section 29 for fleets of the 2008 to 2010 model years, if the fleet contains alcohol dual fuel vehicles or natural gas dual fuel vehicles, the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value is the greater of

  • (a) the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value calculated in accordance with subsections (1) and (2), and

  • (b) the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value calculated in accordance with subsections (1) and (2) with the assumption that all alcohol dual fuel vehicles and natural gas dual fuel vehicles operate exclusively on gasoline or diesel fuel, minus the applicable limit set out in section 510(i) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR.

• Marginal note:Alternative value

  (7) For the purposes of section 510(j)(2)(vi) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, a company may use an alternative value for the weighting factor “F” if the company provides the Minister with evidence demonstrating that the alternative value is more representative of its fleet.

• Marginal note:Maximum number — until 2016 model year

  (8) For the purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b) of the description of A in subsection (2), a company must replace the carbon-related exhaust emission value, referred to in the description of A in that subsection, with the value determined under subsection (10) for all of the electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in its fleets of the model year corresponding to the year during which this subsection comes into force, and subsequent model years until the 2016 model year, that are in excess of the following applicable maximum number of advanced technology vehicles:

  • (a) 30,000 vehicles, in the case of a company that manufactured or imported less than 3,750 advanced technology vehicles of the 2012 model year for sale in Canada and that has already included 30,000 advanced technology vehicles in its fleets of the 2011 to 2016 model years, or in its fleets of the 2008 to 2016 model years, if the company obtained early action credits in respect of its fleets of the 2008 to 2010 model years; or

  • (b) 45,000 vehicles, in the case of a company that manufactured or imported 3,750 or more advanced technology vehicles of the 2012 model year for sale in Canada and that has already included 45,000 advanced technology vehicles in its fleets of the 2011 to 2016 model years, or in its fleets of the 2008 to 2016 model years, if the company obtained early action credits in respect of its fleets of the 2008 to 2010 model years.

• Marginal note:Maximum number — 2022 to 2025 model years

  (9) For the purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b) of the description of A in subsection (2), a company must replace the carbon-related exhaust emission value, referred to in the description of A in that subsection, with the value determined under subsection (10) for all of the electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in its fleets of the 2022 to 2025 model years that are in excess of the following applicable maximum number of advanced technology vehicles:

  • (a) 30,000 vehicles, in the case of a company that manufactured or imported less than 45,000 advanced technology vehicles of the 2019 to 2021 model years for sale in Canada; or

  • (b) 90,000 vehicles, in the case of a company that manufactured or imported 45,000 or more advanced technology vehicles of the 2019 to 2021 model years for sale in Canada.

• Marginal note:Electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in excess of maximum number

  (10) For any electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles that are in excess of the applicable maximum number, a company must determine the carbon-related exhaust emission value for the model year in question, taking into account subsection 19(2) and expressing the result in grams of CO₂ equivalent per mile, in accordance with

  • (a) in the case of electric vehicles, section 113(n)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart B, of the CFR — excluding the measure for the limited number of vehicles referred to in the description of CREE — except that the description of AVGUSUP in that section is equal to 0.210; and

  • (b) in the case of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, section 113(n)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart B, of the CFR, taking into account the following clarifications:

    • (i) the value in respect of exhaust emissions is determined in accordance with section 510(j)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, and

    • (ii) the equivalent value in respect of the electricity grid for the electricity that is used to recharge the energy storage system is determined in accordance with section 113(n)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart B, of the CFR — excluding the measure for the limited number of vehicles referred to in the description of CREE — except that the description of AVGUSUP in that section is equal to 0.210.

• Marginal note:Fuel cell vehicles

  (11) For the purposes of subsections (8) and (9), a company must count its fuel cell vehicles first, before counting the other advanced technology vehicles.