An Act respecting the protection of navigation in Canadian navigable watersCanadian Navigable Waters ActCanadian Navigable Waters Act202511
21
N-22Short Title
Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Canadian Navigable Waters Act.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 1; 2012, c. 31, s. 3162019, c. 28, s. 46
Interpretation
DefinitionsThe following definitions apply in this Act.designated work[Repealed, 2019, c. 28, s. 47]ferry cable[Repealed, 2012, c. 31, s. 317]Indigenous knowledge means the Indigenous knowledge of the Indigenous peoples of Canada. (connaissances autochtones)Indigenous peoples of Canada has the meaning assigned by the definition aboriginal peoples of Canada in subsection 35(2) of the Constitution Act, 1982. (peuples autochtones du Canada)major work means any work designated under paragraph 28(2)(b). (ouvrage majeur)Minister means the Minister of Transport. (ministre)minor water[Repealed, 2019, c. 28, s. 47]minor work means any work designated under paragraph 28(2)(a). (ouvrage secondaire)navigable water means a body of water, including a canal or any other body of water created or altered as a result of the construction of any work, that is used or where there is a reasonable likelihood that it will be used by vessels, in full or in part, for any part of the year as a means of transport or travel for commercial or recreational purposes, or as a means of transport or travel for Indigenous peoples of Canada exercising rights recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, andthere is public access, by land or by water;there is no such public access but there are two or more riparian owners; orHer Majesty in right of Canada or a province is the only riparian owner. (eaux navigables)obstruction means any thing, including a vessel that is left anchored, moored or adrift or a wreck, that obstructs or impedes navigation or renders it more difficult or dangerous, but does not include a thing of natural origin unless a person causes the thing of natural origin to obstruct or impede navigation or to render it more difficult or dangerous. (obstacle)owner, in relation to a work, means the actual or reputed owner of the work or that owner’s agent or mandatary. It includes a person who is in possession or claiming ownership of the work and a person who is authorizing or otherwise responsible for the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal, decommissioning, repair, maintenance, operation, use or safety of the work. It also includes a person who proposes to construct or place a work. (propriétaire)person in charge, with respect to an obstruction, includes the owner of the obstruction and, in the case of a vessel, or part of one, that is an obstruction, the registered owner or other owner at the time the obstruction was occasioned, as well as the managing owner, master and any subsequent purchaser. (responsable)Tribunal means the Transportation Appeal Tribunal of Canada established by subsection 2(1) of the Transportation Appeal Tribunal of Canada Act. (Tribunal)vessel includes any description of ship, boat or floating craft designed, used or capable of being used for navigation, without regard to method or lack of propulsion, including everything forming part of its machinery, tackle, equipment, cargo, stores or ballast. (bâtiment)work includesany structure, device or other thing, whether temporary or permanent, that is made by humans, including a structure, device or other thing used for the repair or maintenance of another work; andany dumping of fill in any navigable water, or any excavation or dredging of materials from the bed of any navigable water. (ouvrage)R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 2; 2009, c. 2, s. 317; 2012, c. 31, s. 3172019, c. 28, s. 47
For greater certainty — navigable waterFor greater certainty, the definition navigable water in section 2 does not include artificial irrigation channels or drainage ditches.2019, c. 28, s. 47.1
Her Majesty
Binding on Her MajestyThis Act is binding on Her Majesty in right of Canada or a province.2009, c. 2, s. 318
Indigenous Peoples of Canada
[Repealed, 2024, c. 30, s. 4]
Duty of Decision MakerWhen making a decision under this Act, the Minister must consider any adverse effects that the decision may have on the rights of the Indigenous peoples of Canada recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982.2019, c. 28, s. 48
WorksProhibition
WorksExcept in accordance with this Act, it is prohibited to construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission a work in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 3; 2009, c. 2, s. 320; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
Minor Works in any Navigable Water
Minor worksAn owner of a minor work may construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission the minor work in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water in accordance with the requirements under this Act.Repair, maintenance, operation and useThe owner must repair, maintain, operate and use the minor work in accordance with the requirements under this Act.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 4; 2009, c. 2, s. 321; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
Major Works in any Navigable Water and Works in Navigable Waters Listed in Schedule
NoticeAn owner who proposes to construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission one of the following works may do so if the work, or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, would not interfere with navigation and the owner, before beginning the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, deposits any information specified by the Minister in any place specified by the Minister and publishes a notice in any manner, and including any information, specified by the Minister:a major work in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water; ora work — other than a minor work — in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water that is listed in the schedule.2019, c. 28, s. 49
Application for approvalAn owner who proposes to construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission one of the following works must make an application for an approval to the Minister — in the form and manner, and containing the information, specified by the Minister — if the work, or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, may interfere with navigation:a major work in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water; ora work — other than a minor work — in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water that is listed in the schedule.Related worksIf the Minister is of the opinion that two or more works are related, the Minister may consider them to be a single work.Additional informationFor the purpose of determining whether the work or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning may interfere with navigation, the Minister may require from the owner any additional information that the Minister considers appropriate.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 5; 2009, c. 2, s. 321; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
[Repealed, 2012, c. 31, s. 318]
No interference with navigationIf the Minister is of the opinion that a work that is the subject of an application made under subsection 5(1), or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, would not interfere with navigation, including by changing the water level or water flow of a navigable water, he or she must inform the owner, in writing, of that opinion and no approval is required under subsection 7(6) for that work — or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 6; 2009, c. 2, s. 322; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
Interference with navigationIf the Minister is of the opinion that a work that is the subject of an application made under subsection 5(1), or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, may interfere with navigation, including by changing the water level or water flow of a navigable water, he or she must inform the owner, in writing, of that opinion and the owner may only construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission that work if the Minister issues an approval for the work.InformationThe owner must deposit any information specified by the Minister in any place specified by the Minister.NoticeThe owner must publish a notice containing any information specified by the Minister in any manner specified by the Minister.Comment periodThe notice referred to in subsection (3) must invite interested persons to provide written comments on the owner’s proposal to the Minister within 30 days after publication of the notice or within any other period specified by the Minister.ExemptionIf the Minister is satisfied that the owner has already deposited sufficient information in a place specified by the Minister or published a sufficient notice, the Minister may exempt the owner from the application of subsection (2) or (3), as the case may be.ApprovalThe Minister may issue an approval for the work, including its site and plans, if he or she considers it appropriate in the circumstances.Assessment — factorsIn determining whether to issue the approval, the Minister must consider the following:the characteristics of the navigable water in question;the safety of navigation in that navigable water;the current or anticipated navigation in that navigable water;the impact of the work on navigation, including as a result of its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal, decommissioning, repair, maintenance, operation or use;the impact of the work, in combination with other works, on navigation, if the Minister is provided with, or has in his or her possession, information relating to that cumulative impact;any Indigenous knowledge that has been provided to the Minister;any comments that he or she receives from interested persons within the period provided for under subsection (4);the record of compliance of the owner under this Act; andany other information or factor that he or she considers relevant.Additional informationFor the purpose of determining whether to issue the approval, the Minister may require from the owner any additional information that the Minister considers appropriate.Terms and conditionsThe Minister may attach any term or condition that he or she considers appropriate to an approval including one that requires the owner tomaintain the water level or water flow necessary for navigation purposes in a navigable water; orgive security in the form of a letter of credit, guarantee, suretyship or indemnity bond or insurance or in any other form that is satisfactory to the Minister.Effect of approvalAn approval issued under this section in relation to a work replaces any approval previously issued in relation to that work.Contiguous areaThe Minister may, in an approval, designate an area contiguous to a work that is necessary for the safety of persons and navigation and, for the purposes of the approval, that area is considered to be part of the work.Compliance with requirementsThe owner must comply with the approval and maintain, operate and use the work in accordance with the requirements under this Act.Approval after activity beginsThe Minister may, if he or she considers that it is justified in the circumstances, approve the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning of a work after the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning begins or is completed.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 7; 2009, c. 2, s. 323; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
TransferIf the ownership of a work to which an approval relates is transferred, the transferor and the transferee must immediately give written notice of the transfer to the Minister, in the form and manner, and containing the information, specified by the Minister.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 8; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
Amendment of approvalThe Minister may amend an approval by amending or revoking any term or condition of the approval.Amendment resulting from orderThe Minister may otherwise amend the approval, including by adding terms and conditions, to reflect any changes to the work resulting from an order made under section 11 or 13.Other amendmentsThe Minister may otherwise amend the approval, including by adding terms and conditions, if he or she considers thatthe work that is the subject of the approval interferes more with navigation at the time in question than it did when the approval was issued;the work causes or is likely to cause a serious and imminent danger to navigation;the amendment of the approval is in the public interest; orthe owner consents to the amendment.Suspension or cancellationThe Minister may suspend or cancel an approval if he or she considers thatthe owner has not complied with the approval;the approval was obtained by a fraudulent or improper means or by the misrepresentation of a material fact;the owner has not paid a fine or penalty imposed under this Act;the owner has contravened this Act; orthe suspension or cancellation is in the public interest, including by reason of the record of compliance of the owner under this Act.NoticeThe Minister must give the owner 30 days’ notice setting out the grounds on which the Minister relies for the amendment, except in the case of an amendment made under subsection (2) or paragraph (3)(b), suspension or cancellation of the approval of a work if he or she is amending it without the owner’s consent or suspending or cancelling it.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 9; 1993, c. 41, s. 8; 2009, c. 2, s. 324; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
Works in Navigable Waters not Listed in Schedule
NoticeAn owner who proposes to construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission a work — other than a major work or a minor work — in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water that is not listed in the schedule may do so ifthe work, or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, would not interfere with navigation; andbefore beginning the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, the owner deposits any information specified by the Minister in any place specified by the Minister and publishes a notice in any manner, and including any information, specified by the Minister.2019, c. 28, s. 49
Application or noticeAn owner who proposes to construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission a work — other than a major work or a minor work — in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water that is not listed in the schedule must take one of the following steps if the work, or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, may interfere with navigation:make an application for an approval to the Minister, in the form and manner, and containing the information, specified by the Minister; ordeposit any information specified by the Minister in any place specified by the Minister and publish a notice in any manner, and including any information, specified by the Minister.DeemingAn application made under paragraph (1)(a) is deemed to be an application made under subsection 5(1) and, if an approval is issued under subsection 7(6) in respect of the application, the work to which the approval relates is deemed to be a work constructed or placed in, on, over, under, through or across a navigable water that is listed in the schedule.Comment periodThe notice referred to in paragraph (1)(b) must invite interested persons to provide written comments on the proposal, as it relates to navigation, to the owner within 30 days after publication of the notice or within any other period prescribed by regulation.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 10; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 49
Attempt to resolveIf a comment that is provided to an owner under subsection 10(3) expresses a concern relating to navigation, the owner and the person who made the comment must attempt to resolve the person’s concern within 45 days after the end of the period set out in that subsection or within any other period prescribed by regulation.Change to proposalIf, as a result of an attempt to resolve a concern under subsection (1), the owner makes a material change to the proposal, he or she must deposit the new information and publish a new notice, in accordance with paragraph 10(1)(b).Request to MinisterIf the concern is not resolved within the period referred to in subsection (1), the person who made the comment may, within 15 days after the end of that period or within any other period prescribed by regulation, make a request to the Minister — in the form and manner, and containing the information, specified by the Minister — for a decision on whether the owner is required to apply for an approval in relation to the work.Decision by MinisterOn receipt of a request under subsection (3), the Minister may decide that the owner is required to apply for an approval in relation to the work.Additional informationFor the purpose of deciding whether to require an application for an approval under subsection (4), the Minister may require from the owner any additional information that the Minister considers appropriate.NoticeThe Minister must inform the owner and the person who made the request of his or her decision.2019, c. 28, s. 49
Work may commenceAn owner who publishes a notice referred to in paragraph 10(1)(b) may only construct, place, alter, rebuild, remove or decommission the workif no comments are provided to the owner, or if comments are provided to the owner but no concerns relating to navigation are expressed in those comments, after the day on which the comment period ends;if comments are provided to the owner and concerns relating to navigation are expressed in those comments but all such concerns are resolved, after the later ofthe day on which the comment period ends, andthe day on which all the concerns are resolved; orif comments are provided to the owner and those comments express concerns relating to navigation but any such concern remains unresolved andno request is made under subsection 10.1(3), after the day on which the period referred to in that subsection ends, ora request is made under subsection 10.1(3) andthe Minister decides that the owner is not required to apply for an approval in relation to the work, after the day on which the owner receives notice of that decision, orthe Minister decides that the owner is required to apply for an approval in relation to the work, after the day on which the approval is issued or, if it is later, the day set out in the approval.ProhibitionDespite subsection (1), an owner is prohibited from constructing, placing, altering, rebuilding, removing or decommissioning a work that extinguishes navigation for vessels of any class that navigate, or are likely to navigate, the navigable water in question.ChangeFor greater certainty, if, at any time, an owner referred to in subsection (1) makes a material change to the work or to the method of its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, the owner must either make an application under paragraph 10(1)(a) or deposit new information and publish a new notice in accordance with paragraph 10(1)(b).2019, c. 28, s. 49
Owner’s Duty
NotificationAn owner of a work in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water must immediately notify the Minister if the work, or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, causes or is likely to cause a serious and imminent danger to navigation.DutyThe owner must, as soon as feasible, take all reasonable measures consistent with public safety and with the safety of navigation to prevent any serious and imminent danger to navigation that is caused or likely to be caused by the work, or its construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning, or to counteract, mitigate or remedy any adverse effects that result from that danger to navigation or might reasonably be expected to result from it.2019, c. 28, s. 49
Minister’s Powers
EmergencyEven if the application referred to in subsection 5(1) or paragraph 10(1)(a) has not yet been made, or the notice referred to in paragraph 10(1)(b) has not yet been published, the Minister may authorize, subject to any terms or conditions that he or she considers appropriate, the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning of a work — other than a minor work — in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water if the Minister is of the opinion that it must be carried out immediately in order to respond toa matter of national security;a national emergency in respect of which special temporary measures are being taken under the Emergencies Act; oran emergency thatposes a risk to public health, safety, the environment or property, orthreatens to cause social disruption or a breakdown in the flow of essential goods, services or resources.ApprovalThe Minister may issue an approval for a work authorized under subsection (1), including its site and plans, if he or she considers it appropriate in the circumstances.2019, c. 28, s. 49
ApplicationThis section applies to any work in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water that is constructed, placed, altered, rebuilt, removed, decommissioned, repaired, maintained, operated or used contrary to the requirements under this Act.Minister’s powersThe Minister mayorder the owner of a work to repair, alter or remove the work;during the construction, placement, alteration, repair, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning of a work, order any person to remove or alter the work or to do any other thing with respect to the work, including taking all measures necessary for the safety of navigation;if the owner or the person fails to comply with an order given under paragraph (a) or (b), cause any thing to be done with respect to the work, including the removal of the work, its destruction and the sale, donation or other disposal of the materials contained in the work; andorder any person to refrain from proceeding with the construction, placement, alteration, repair, rebuilding, removal or decommissioning of a work.DebtThe amount of the costs incurred by the Minister while acting under paragraph (2)(c) constitutes a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada.SurplusThe Minister must pay all or any portion of the surplus of the proceeds of any sale to the owner of the work sold or to any other person that is entitled to the proceeds.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 11; 2009, c. 2, s. 325; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 50
[Repealed, 2012, c. 31, s. 318]
[Repealed, 2012, c. 31, s. 318]
[Repealed, 2019, c. 28, s. 51]
Repair, alteration or removalThe Minister may order the owner of a work in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water to repair, alter or remove it if he or she considers thatit interferes more with navigation at the time in question than it did when it was constructed or placed;it is causing or is likely to cause a serious and imminent danger to navigation; orits repair, alteration or removal is in the public interest.WorksThe Minister may, if he or she is satisfied that it is necessary in the circumstances, order the owner to do any other thing with respect to the work.Failure to complyIf the owner fails to comply with an order made under subsection (1) or (2), the Minister may do any thing with respect to the work that he or she considers appropriate.DebtThe amount of the costs incurred by the Minister while acting under subsection (3) constitutes a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada.SurplusThe Minister must pay all or any portion of the surplus of the proceeds of any sale to the owner of the work sold or to any other person that is entitled to the proceeds.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 13; 2009, c. 2, s. 328; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 52
Designation of Areas
DesignationThe Governor in Council may, by order, designate areas where no work may be constructed or placed.2004, c. 15, s. 952012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 53
General
Statutory Instruments ActFor greater certainty, approvals issued under subsection 7(6) or (13), terms and conditions imposed under subsection 7(9) or 9(2) or (3) or section 10.4 and orders given under paragraph 11(2)(a), (b) or (d) or subsection 13(1) or (2) are not statutory instruments as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Statutory Instruments Act.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 14; 2009, c. 2, s. 330; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 53
[Repealed, 2012, c. 31, s. 318]
Obstructions
Non-applicationSections 15 to 18 do not apply in respect of a wreck to which Part 1 of the Wrecked, Abandoned or Hazardous Vessels Act applies.2019, c. 1, s. 1372019, c. 28, s. 195
ObstructionThe person in charge of an obstruction in a navigable water must immediately give notice of the existence of the obstruction to the Minister, in the form and manner, and containing the information, specified by the Minister.MeasuresUnless otherwise ordered by the Minister under subsection (3), the person in charge of the obstruction mustplace and, as long as the obstruction is present, maintain, by day, a sufficient signal and, by night, a sufficient light, to indicate the position of the obstruction; andimmediately begin its removal and carry on the removal diligently to completion.Minister’s powersThe Minister may order the person in charge of an obstruction in a navigable water to repair, secure, move, remove, dismantle or destroy it in the manner that the Minister considers appropriate or, if he or she is satisfied that it is necessary in the circumstances, may order the person to do any other thing with respect to the obstruction.Failure to complyIf the person in charge of the obstruction fails to comply with paragraph (2)(a) or (b) or an order made under subsection (3), the Minister may do any thing with respect to the obstruction that he or she considers appropriate.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 15; R.S., 1985, c. 1 (2nd Supp.), s. 213; 2009, c. 2, s. 331; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 54
Potential obstructionThe Minister may order the person in charge of a potential obstruction that has persisted for more than 24 hours in a navigable water to repair, secure, move, remove, dismantle or destroy it in the manner that the Minister considers appropriate or, if he or she is satisfied that it is necessary in the circumstances, may order the person to do any other thing with respect to the potential obstruction.Failure to complyIf the person to whom an order is given fails to comply with it, the Minister may do any thing with respect to the potential obstruction that he or she considers appropriate.2019, c. 28, s. 54
Minister’s powersIf the person in charge of an obstruction or a potential obstruction in a navigable water is not known or cannot be located, the Minister may repair, secure, move, remove, dismantle or destroy it or do any other thing with respect to the obstruction or potential obstruction that he or she considers appropriate.2019, c. 28, s. 54
Property belonging to Her MajestyThe Minister may order any person to secure, remove or destroy a wreck, vessel, part of a vessel or other thing that is cast ashore, stranded or left on any property belonging to Her Majesty in right of Canada and impedes, for more than 24 hours, the use of that property as may be required for the public purposes of Canada.Failure to complyIf the person to whom an order is given fails to comply with the order, the Minister may do any thing with respect to the wreck, the vessel, the part of a vessel or the thing that he or she considers appropriate.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 16; 2009, c. 2, s. 332; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 54
SaleIf a person in charge of an obstruction or potential obstruction in a navigable water fails to comply with paragraph 15(2)(a) or (b) or is not known or cannot be located, or if a person to whom an order is given under subsection 15(3), 15.1(1) or 16(1) fails to comply with the order, the Minister may sell by auction or otherwise, as he or she considers appropriate, the obstruction or potential obstruction or the thing referred to in subsection 16(1). The Minister may apply the proceeds of the sale to make good the costs incurred by the Minister while acting under subsection 15(4) or 15.1(2) or section 15.2 or subsection 16(2), as the case may be.SurplusThe Minister must pay all or any portion of the surplus of the proceeds of the sale to the person in charge of the obstruction or potential obstruction sold or to any other person that is entitled to the proceeds.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 17; 2009, c. 2, s. 333; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 54
DebtThe amount of the costs incurred by the Minister while acting under subsection 15(4) or 15.1(2) or section 15.2 or subsection 16(2) constitutes a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada.Recovery by Her MajestySuch debts are recoverable fromthe person in charge of the obstruction at the time the obstruction was occasioned;any person through whose act or fault or through the act or fault of whose servant the obstruction was occasioned or continued;the person in charge of the potential obstruction at the time potential obstruction was identified;any person through whose act or fault or through the act or fault of whose servant the potential obstruction was occasioned or continued; orthe person to whom the order referred to in subsection 16(1) is given.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 18; 2009, c. 2, s. 334; 2012, c. 31, s. 3182019, c. 28, s. 54
Statutory Instruments ActFor greater certainty, an order given under subsection 15(3), 15.1(1) or 16(1) is not a statutory instrument as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Statutory Instruments Act.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 19; 2009, c. 2, s. 335; 2012, c. 31, s. 3192019, c. 28, s. 54
[Repealed, 2019, c. 1, s. 138]
Deposit and Dewatering
Throwing or depositing sawdust, etc., prohibitedNo person shall throw or deposit or cause, suffer or permit to be thrown or deposited any sawdust, edgings, slabs, bark or like rubbish of any description whatever that is liable to interfere with navigation in any water, any part of which is navigable or that flows into any navigable water.R.S., c. N-19, s. 19
Throwing or depositing stone, etc., prohibitedNo person shall throw or deposit or cause, suffer or permit to be thrown or deposited any stone, gravel, earth, cinders, ashes or other material or rubbish that is liable to sink to the bottom in any water, any part of which is navigable or flows into any navigable water, where there is not a minimum depth of 36 metres of water at all times, but nothing in this section shall be construed so as to permit the throwing or depositing of any substance in any part of a navigable water if it is prohibited by or under any other federal Act.Non-applicationThe prohibition in subsection (1) does not apply with respect to the dumping of fill done in compliance with an approval issued under subsection 7(6).R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 22; 2012, c. 31, s. 3212019, c. 28, s. 56
Dewatering and other actionsNo person shall take any action that lowers the water level of a navigable water or any part of a navigable water to a level that extinguishes navigation for vessels of any class that navigate, or are likely to navigate, the navigable water in question.Historic canalsSubsection (1) does not apply to a historic canal as defined in section 2 of the Historic Canals Regulations.Navigation not extinguishedFor the purposes of this Act, navigation is not extinguished if the Minister is of the opinion that there are sufficient measures in place to mitigate the impact of the lower water level on navigation and he or she approves the work whose construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal, decommissioning, repair, maintenance, operation or use lowers the water level of a navigable water or part of a navigable water.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 23; 2012, c. 31, s. 3212019, c. 28, s. 57
Exemption by orderThe Governor in Council may, by order, exempt from the application of any of sections 21 to 23, any rivers, streams or waters, in whole or in part, if the Minister receives an application for an exemption and the Governor in Council is satisfied that it would be in the public interest.ApplicationAn application for an exemption under subsection (1) must be made in the form and manner, and contain the information, specified by the Minister.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 24; 1998, c. 10, s. 189; 2012, c. 31, s. 3212019, c. 28, s. 57
Powers of certain personsSections 21, 22 and 26 do not affect the legal powers, rights or duties of harbour masters, port wardens, the person responsible for the management of the St. Lawrence Seaway or a port authority established under the Canada Marine Act in respect of materials that, under those sections, are not allowed to be deposited in navigable waters.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 25; 2012, c. 31, s. 321
Minister’s powersThe Minister mayorder any person who is contravening section 21 or 22 to stop throwing or depositing or causing, suffering or permitting to be thrown or deposited any material or rubbish;order any person who contravened section 21 or 22 to remove the material or rubbish in question or to do any other thing with respect to it, including taking all measures necessary for the safety of navigation;if a person fails to comply with an order given under paragraph (a) or (b), cause any thing to be done with respect to the material or rubbish in question, including its removal and disposition;order any person who is contravening subsection 23(1) to stop taking the action that is lowering the level of the navigable water;order any person who has contravened subsection 23(1) to take any action necessary to restore the level of the navigable water to the level that the Minister considers acceptable; andif a person fails to comply with an order given under paragraph (d) or (e), cause any thing to be done with respect to the navigable water, including the taking of any action necessary to restore the level of the navigable water to the level that the Minister considers acceptable.DebtThe amount of the costs incurred by the Minister while acting under paragraph (1)(c) or (f) constitutes a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada.Statutory Instruments ActFor greater certainty, an order given under this section is not a statutory instrument as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Statutory Instruments Act.2019, c. 28, s. 58
Designated places to deposit materialsThe Governor in Council may, by regulation, designate places in any navigable water that is not within the jurisdiction of any person referred to in section 25, where stone, gravel, earth, cinders, ashes or other material may be deposited even if the minimum depth of water at that place may be less than 36 metres.Ministerial approvalThe Minister may, on application, authorize the deposit of materials in a place designated under subsection (1).ApplicationAn application under subsection (2) must be made in the form and manner, and contain the information, specified by the Minister.Non-applicationFor greater certainty, this section does not apply with respect to the dumping of fill done in compliance with an approval issued under subsection 7(6).R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 26; R.S., 1985, c. 1 (2nd Supp.), s. 213; 2009, c. 2, s. 336; 2012, c. 31, s. 3212019, c. 28, s. 58
Studies and Collection of Information
MinisterThe Minister may undertake any study and collect any information that, in his or her opinion, is necessary for the purposes of the administration of this Act.2019, c. 28, s. 58
Indigenous Knowledge
ConfidentialityAny Indigenous knowledge that is provided to the Minister under this Act in confidence is confidential and must not knowingly be, or be permitted to be, disclosed without written consent.ExceptionDespite subsection (1), the Indigenous knowledge referred to in that subsection may be disclosed ifit is publicly available;the disclosure is necessary for the purposes of procedural fairness and natural justice, or for use in legal proceedings; orthe disclosure is authorized in the circumstances set out in the regulations made under paragraph 28(1)(g.2).ConsultationBefore disclosing Indigenous knowledge under paragraph 2(b) for the purposes of procedural fairness and natural justice, the Minister must consult the person or entity who provided the Indigenous knowledge and the person or entity to whom it is proposed to be disclosed about the scope of the proposed disclosure and potential conditions under subsection (3).Further disclosureThe Minister may, having regard to the consultation referred to in subsection (2.1), impose conditions with respect to the disclosure of Indigenous knowledge by any person or entity to whom it is disclosed under paragraph (2)(b) for the purposes of procedural fairness and natural justice.Duty to complyThe person or entity referred to in subsection (3) must comply with any conditions imposed by the Minister under that subsection.Protection from civil proceeding or prosecutionDespite any other Act of Parliament, no civil or criminal proceedings lie against the Minister — or any person acting on behalf of, or under the direction of, him or her — and no proceedings lie against the Crown, for the disclosure in good faith of any Indigenous knowledge under this Act or for any consequences that flow from that disclosure.2019, c. 28, s. 58
Agreements and Arrangements
Agreements and arrangementsThe Minister may, with respect to his or her responsibilities under this Act, enter into agreements or arrangements for carrying out the purposes of this Act and authorize any other federal minister, person or organization with whom an agreement or arrangement is entered into to exercise the powers or perform the duties under this Act that are specified in the agreement or arrangement.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 27; 2009, c. 2, s. 336; 2012, c. 31, s. 3212019, c. 28, s. 59
Agreement — cost recoveryThe Minister may enter into an agreement with any person or organization respecting any matter for which a regulation made under paragraph 28(1)(b) could prescribe a fee.Regulations — exemptionIf both an agreement entered into under subsection (1) and a regulation made under paragraph 28(1)(b) relate to the same matter, the regulation does not apply to the person or organization that has entered into the agreement in respect of the matter for which payment is required under the agreement.RecoveryWhen the Minister enters into an undertaking with respect to a matter for which payment of an amount is required from the other party under the terms of an agreement entered into under subsection (1), the undertaking is deemed, for the purposes of recovering that amount, not to be a duty of the Minister under this Act.Debt due to Her MajestyAll amounts payable under an agreement entered into under subsection (1) and any interest payable on them constitute a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada.SpendingThe Minister may spend the amounts received under an agreement entered into under subsection (1) in the fiscal year in which they are received or in the next fiscal year.2017, c. 20, s. 314
Registry
EstablishmentThe Minister must establish and maintain a registry in which information that he or she specifies is deposited.AccessThe Minister must make the registry accessible to the public through the Internet and by any other means that he or she considers appropriate.Types of documents in registryThe registry must contain only records or parts of a recordthat are publicly available; orthat the Minister determines would be disclosed to the public in accordance with the Access to Information Act if a request were made in respect of that record under that Act, including any record that would be disclosed in the public interest under subsection 20(6) of that Act.Protection from civil proceeding or prosecutionDespite any other Act of Parliament, no civil or criminal proceedings lie against the Minister, or any person acting on behalf of, or under the direction of, him or her or against the Crown, for the disclosure in good faith of any record or any part of a record under this Act or for any consequences that flow from that disclosure.2019, c. 28, s. 60
Regulations, Orders, Incorporation by Reference and Interim OrdersRegulations and Orders
Regulations by Governor in CouncilThe Governor in Council may, for the purposes of this Act, make regulationsrespecting time limits for issuing approvals or for refusing to do so;respecting fees, or the method of calculating fees, to be paid for any service provided or any right or privilege conferred by means of an approval, exemption or other authorization under this Act and respecting the payment of those fees;respecting the issuance, amendment, suspension and cancellation of approvals in relation to works;respecting the water levels and water flow necessary for navigation;respecting the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal, decommissioning, repair, maintenance, operation, use or safety of works in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable waters;prescribing periods for the purposes of subsections 10(3) and 10.1(1) and (3);respecting areas contiguous to works that are necessary for the safety of persons and navigation;respecting places in any navigable water where stone, gravel, earth, cinders, ashes or other material may be deposited and the deposit of such materials in such places;respecting notification requirements in the case of a change in owner of a work;excluding any body of water that the Governor in Council considers to be small from the definition navigable water in section 2;prescribing the circumstances in which the Indigenous knowledge that is provided to the Minister under this Act in confidence may be disclosed without written consent;excluding any thing from the definition obstruction in section 2;designating any provision of this Act, of the regulations or of an order as a provision whose contravention may be proceeded with as a violation in accordance with sections 39.1 to 39.26;establishing a penalty, or a range of penalties, in respect of each violation;establishing criteria to be considered in determining the amount of the penalty if a range of penalties is established;classifying each violation as a minor violation, a serious violation or a very serious violation;respecting the circumstances under which, the criteria by which and the manner in which the amount of a penalty may be increased or reduced in whole or in part;providing for a lesser amount that may be paid as complete satisfaction of a penalty if it is paid within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner and providing, among other things, the circumstances in which the lesser amount may be set out in a notice of violation;prescribing anything that is to be prescribed under this Act; andfor carrying out the purposes and provisions of this Act.Minister’s powerThe Minister may make an orderdesignating any works that are likely to slightly interfere with navigation as minor works;designating any works that are likely to substantially interfere with navigation as major works;respecting the construction, placement, alteration, rebuilding, removal, decommissioning, repair, maintenance, operation, use or safety of works in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable waters; andrespecting the registry established under section 27.2, including specifying records or information to be posted on the Internet site.ClassesA regulation or order made under this section may establish classes and distinguish among those classes.ConflictIf there is a conflict between a regulation made under paragraph (1)(e) and an order made under paragraph (2)(c), the regulation prevails.[Repealed, 2019, c. 28, s. 61]R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 28; R.S., 1985, c. 1 (2nd Supp.), s. 213; 2009, c. 2, s. 336; 2012, c. 31, s. 3212019, c. 28, s. 61
Addition to scheduleThe Minister may, by order, amend the schedule by adding to it a reference to a navigable water after considering the following factors:whether the navigable water is on a nautical chart issued officially by or on the authority of the Canadian Hydrographic Service;the physical characteristics of the navigable water;whether the navigable water connects to other navigable waters and, if so, how it connects to them;the safety of navigation in the navigable water;the past, current or anticipated navigation in the navigable water;whether there are Indigenous peoples of Canada who navigate, have navigated or will likely navigate the navigable water in order to exercise rights recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982; andthe cumulative impact of works on navigation in the navigable water.Request — additionAny person may request that the Minister add a reference to a navigable water to the schedule by submitting an application in the form and manner, and containing the information, specified by the Minister.Other amendment of scheduleThe Minister may, by order, amend the schedule by amending a reference to a navigable water and the Governor in Council may, by regulation, amend the schedule by deleting a reference to a navigable water.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 29; 2009, c. 2, s. 337; 2012, c. 31, s. 3212019, c. 28, s. 62
Incorporation by Reference
Incorporation by referenceA regulation or order made under this Act may incorporate by reference any document, regardless of its source, either as it exists on a particular date or as it is amended from time to time.AccessibilityThe Minister shall ensure that any document that is incorporated by reference in the regulation or order is accessible.DefenceA person is not liable to be found guilty of an offence for any contravention in respect of which a document that is incorporated by reference in the regulation or order is relevant unless, at the time of the alleged contravention, the document was accessible as required by subsection (2) or it was otherwise accessible to the person.No registration or publicationFor greater certainty, a document that is incorporated by reference in the regulation or order is not required to be transmitted for registration or published in the Canada Gazette by reason only that it is incorporated by reference.R.S., 1985, c. N-22, s. 30; 2009, c. 2, s. 338; 2012, c. 31, s. 321
[Repealed, 2009, c. 2, s. 339]
Interim Orders
Interim ordersThe Minister may make an interim order that contains any provision that may be contained in a regulation made under this Act if the Minister believes that immediate action is required to deal with a significant risk, direct or indirect, to safety or security.Cessation of effectAn interim order has effect from the time that it is made but ceases to have effect on the earliest of14 days after it is made, unless it is approved by the Governor in Council,the day on which it is repealed,the day on which a regulation made under this Act, that has the same effect as the interim order, comes into force, andone year after the interim order is made or any shorter period that may be specified in the interim order.Contravention of unpublished orderNo person shall be convicted of an offence consisting of a contravention of an interim order that, at the time of the alleged contravention, had not been published in the Canada Gazette unless it is proved that, at the time of the alleged contravention, the person had been notified of the interim order or reasonable steps had been taken to bring the purport of the interim order to the notice of those persons likely to be affected by it.Exemption from Statutory Instruments ActAn interim orderis exempt from the application of sections 3, 5 and 11 of the Statutory Instruments Act; andshall be published in the Canada Gazette within 23 days after it is made.DeemingFor the purpose of any provision of this Act other than this section, any reference to regulations made under this Act is deemed to include interim orders, and any reference to a regulation made under a specified provision of this Act is deemed to include a reference to the portion of an interim order containing any provision that may be contained in a regulation made under the specified provision.Tabling of orderA copy of each interim order must be tabled in each House of Parliament within 15 days after it is made.House not sittingIn order to comply with subsection (6), the interim order may be sent to the Clerk of the House if the House is not sitting.2004, c. 15, s. 96; 2012, c. 31, s. 322
Administration and EnforcementDesignation
DesignationThe Minister may designate persons or classes of persons for the purposes of the administration and enforcement of this Act.2009, c. 2, s. 340; 2012, c. 31, s. 323
Powers
Authority to enterSubject to subsection 36(1), a designated person may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance with this Act, enter a place, including an obstruction, work or vessel, in which they have reasonable grounds to believe that an activity regulated under this Act is conducted or an item to which this Act applies, or any information relating to such an activity or item, is located.CertificationOn entering a place, the designated person shall, on request, produce to the person in charge of the place a certification in the form established by the Minister attesting to the designation.PowersThe designated person may, for the purposes referred to in subsection (1),examine the place and anything in the place;remove any document or other thing from the place for examination or, in the case of a document, copying;direct any person to put into operation or cease operating any work, vessel or other conveyance, machinery or equipment in the place;prohibit or limit access to the place for as long as specified;take photographs and make video recordings and sketches;use or cause to be used any computer system or data processing system at the place to examine any data contained in, or available to, the system;reproduce any record, or cause it to be reproduced from the data, in the form of a printout or other intelligible output and remove the printout or other output for examination or copying;use or cause to be used any copying equipment at the place to make copies of any books, records, electronic data or other documents; andorder any person in the place to establish their identity to the designated person’s satisfaction.Persons accompanying designated personThe designated person may be accompanied by any person that they consider necessary to help them exercise their powers or perform their duties or functions under this section.Entry — private propertyThe designated person, in carrying out their functions under this section, and a person accompanying them may enter on and pass through or over private property without being liable for doing so.2009, c. 2, s. 340; 2012, c. 31, s. 3242019, c. 28, s. 63
Duty to assistThe owner or person who is in charge of a place that is entered under subsection 34(1) and every person who is in the place shallgive a designated person who is carrying out their functions under section 34 all reasonable assistance; andprovide them with any information that they may reasonably require.2009, c. 2, s. 340; 2012, c. 31, s. 325(F)
Warrant for dwelling-houseIf any place referred to in subsection 34(1) is a dwelling-house, the designated person may not enter it without the consent of the occupant except under the authority of a warrant issued under subsection (2).Authority to issue warrantOn ex parte application, a justice of the peace may issue a warrant authorizing the person who is named in it to enter a dwelling-house, subject to any conditions that may be specified in the warrant, if the justice is satisfied by information on oath thatthe dwelling-house is a place referred to in subsection 34(1);entry to the dwelling-house is necessary for a purpose related to verifying compliance with this Act; andentry to the dwelling-house was refused by the occupant or there are reasonable grounds to believe that entry will be refused or consent to entry cannot be obtained from the occupant.Use of forceIn executing a warrant to enter a dwelling-house, a designated person may use force only if the use of force has been specifically authorized in the warrant and they are accompanied by a peace officer.2009, c. 2, s. 340; 2012, c. 31, s. 3262019, c. 28, s. 64
Production of documents or informationA designated person may, for a purpose related to verifying compliance with this Act, order a person to provide, on the date, at the time and place and in the manner specified by the designated person, any document or information specified by the designated person.2019, c. 28, s. 65
SeizureThe designated person may seize and detain anything that he or she has reasonable grounds to believe was used in the contravention of any provision of this Act or the regulations or is related to such a contravention.Custody of things seizedIf a designated person seizes a thing under subsection (1), sections 489.1 and 490 of the Criminal Code apply and the designated person, or any person that he or she may designate, must retain custody of the thing, subject to any order made under section 490 of the Criminal Code.2019, c. 28, s. 65
Return of anything removedAnything removed under paragraph 34(3)‍(b) must be returned as soon as feasible after it is no longer required for the purpose for which it was taken unlessthe thing, in the designated person’s opinion, is no longer useful; orthe owner is unknown or cannot be located.Thing not returnedA designated person may dispose of anything that is not returned under subsection (1), in the manner that they consider appropriate, and any proceeds realized from the disposition are to be paid to the Receiver General.2019, c. 28, s. 65
Prohibitions
False statements or informationNo person shall knowingly, orally or in writing, make a false or misleading statement or provide false or misleading information, in connection with any matter under this Act, to a designated person who is carrying out their functions under section 34.ObstructionNo person shall knowingly obstruct or hinder a designated person who is carrying out their functions under section 34.2009, c. 2, s. 340
Injunction
InjunctionIf, on the application of the Minister, it appears to a court of competent jurisdiction that a person has done, is about to do or is likely to do any act constituting or directed toward the commission of an offence or a violation under this Act, the court may issue an injunction ordering a person named in the applicationto refrain from doing an act that, in the opinion of the court, may constitute or be directed toward the commission of the offence or the violation; orto do an act that, in the opinion of the court, may prevent the commission of the offence or the violation.NoticeNo injunction may be issued under subsection (1) unless 48 hours’ notice is served on the party or parties named in the application or the urgency of the situation is such that service would not be in the public interest.2009, c. 2, s. 340; 2012, c. 31, s. 327
Immunity
Not personally liableServants of the Crown, as those terms are defined in section 2 of the Crown Liability and Proceedings Act, and persons accompanying a designated person under subsection 34(3.1) are not personally liable for anything they do or omit to do in good faith under this Act.Crown not relievedSubsection (1) does not, by reason of section 10 of the Crown Liability and Proceedings Act, relieve the Crown of liability for a tort or extracontractual civil liability to which the Crown would otherwise be subject.2009, c. 2, s. 3402019, c. 28, s. 66
Administrative Monetary PenaltiesViolations
Commission of violationEvery person who contravenes a provision designated under paragraph 28(1)(i) commits a violation and is liable to a penalty established in accordance with the regulations.Purpose of penaltyThe purpose of a penalty is to promote compliance with this Act and not to punish.Maximum penaltyThe maximum penalty for a violation is $50,000, in the case of an individual, and $250,000 in any other case.2012, c. 31, s. 3282019, c. 28, s. 67
Proceedings
Notice of violationA designated person may issue a notice of violation and cause it to be provided to a person if the designated person has reasonable grounds to believe that the person has committed a violation.Contents of noticeThe notice of violation shallname the person believed to have committed the violation;identify the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation;set out the penalty for the violation that the person is liable to pay;set out the particulars concerning the time and manner of payment; andset out a lesser amount that may be paid as complete satisfaction of the penalty if it is paid within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner that are specified in the notice.Summary of rightsA notice of violation shall summarize, in plain language, the rights and obligations under this section and sections 39.12 to 39.23 of the person to whom it is provided, including the right to request a review of the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation or of the amount of the penalty and the procedure for requesting the review.Short-form descriptionsThe Minister may establish a short-form description of each violation to be used in notices of violation.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Penalties
Effect of paymentIf the person who is named in a notice of violation pays, within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner that are specified in the notice, the amount of the penalty — or, if applicable, the lesser amount that may be paid as complete satisfaction of the penalty — set out in the notice,the person is deemed to have committed the violation to which the amount paid relates;the Minister shall accept the amount paid as complete satisfaction of the penalty; andthe proceedings commenced in respect of the violation under section 39.11 are ended.Alternatives to paymentInstead of paying the penalty or, if applicable, the lesser amount that may be paid as complete satisfaction of the penalty, the person who is named in the notice may, within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner that are specified in the notice, request a review by the Tribunal of the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation or of the amount of the penalty, as the case may be.DeemingIf the person who is named in the notice does not pay the penalty or, if applicable, the lesser amount that may be paid as complete satisfaction of the penalty, within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner and does not exercise the right referred to in subsection (2) within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner, the person is deemed to have committed the violation identified in the notice.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Review by Tribunal
Review — violationAfter completing a review requested under subsection 39.12(2) with respect to the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation identified in the notice of violation, the Tribunal shall determine whether the person who is named in the notice committed the violation and, if the Tribunal determines that the person did so but considers that the amount of the penalty for the violation was not established in accordance with the regulations, the Tribunal shall correct that amount and cause the person to be provided with a notice of the Tribunal’s decision.Review — penaltyAfter completing a review requested under subsection 39.12(2) with respect to the amount of the penalty set out in the notice of violation, the Tribunal shall determine whether the amount of the penalty was established in accordance with the regulations and, if the Tribunal determines that it was not, the Tribunal shall correct that amount and cause the person to be provided with a notice of the Tribunal’s decision.PaymentThe person who is provided with a notice of the Tribunal’s decision is liable to pay the amount of the penalty that is set out in it within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner that are specified in the notice.Effect of paymentIf the person pays the amount of the penalty that is set out in the notice of the Tribunal’s decision within the prescribed time and in the prescribed manner that are specified in the notice,the Tribunal shall accept the amount as complete satisfaction of the penalty; andthe proceedings commenced in respect of the violation under section 39.11 are ended.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Right of appealWithin 30 days after a decision is made under subsection 39.13(1) or (2), the Minister or the person to whom it applies may appeal from the decision to the Tribunal.Loss of right of appealA party that does not appear at a review hearing is not entitled to appeal a decision, unless they establish that there was sufficient reason to justify their absence.Disposition of appealThe appeal panel of the Tribunal assigned to hear an appeal may dispose of the appeal by dismissing it or by allowing it and, in allowing the appeal, the panel may substitute its own decision for the decision under appeal.NoticeIf the appeal panel finds that a person has committed a violation, the panel must without delay inform the person and the Minister of its decision and of the amount determined by the panel to be payable to the Tribunal by or on behalf of the person in respect of the violation and the time within which it must be paid.2019, c. 28, s. 68
Recovery of Debts
Debts to Her MajestyThe following amounts are debts due to Her Majesty in right of Canada that may be recovered in the Federal Court:the amount of a penalty set out in a notice of violation, beginning on the day on which it is required to be paid in accordance with the notice, unless a request is made to have the Tribunal review the acts or omissions that constitute the violation or the amount of the penalty, as the case may be;the amount of a penalty set out in the notice of the Tribunal’s decision made under subsection 39.13(1) or (2) or 39.131(4), beginning on the day specified in the decision; andthe amount of any reasonable expenses incurred in attempting to recover an amount referred to in paragraph (a) or (b).Limitation period or prescriptionProceedings to recover such a debt may be commenced no later than five years after the debt becomes payable.Debt finalThe debt is final and not subject to review or to be restrained, prohibited, removed, set aside or otherwise dealt with except to the extent and in the manner provided by sections 39.12, 39.13 and 39.131.2012, c. 31, s. 3282019, c. 28, s. 69
Certificate of defaultThe Minister may issue a certificate certifying the unpaid amount of any debt referred to in subsection 39.14(1).Effect of registrationRegistration of the certificate in the Federal Court has the same effect as a judgment of that court for a debt of the amount specified in the certificate and all related registration costs.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Rules of Law About Violations
Violations not offencesFor greater certainty, a violation is not an offence and, accordingly, section 126 of the Criminal Code does not apply.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Due diligence defenceA person shall not be found to be liable for a violation if they establish that they exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the violation.Common law principlesEvery rule and principle of the common law that renders any circumstance a justification or an excuse in relation to a charge for an offence under this Act applies in respect of a violation to the extent that it is not inconsistent with this Act.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Burden of proofThe Minister has the burden of establishing that a person who is named in a notice of violation has committed the violation.Person not compelled to testifyA person who is named in a notice of violation is not required to give evidence in any proceedings before the Tribunal.2012, c. 31, s. 3282019, c. 28, s. 70
Offences by corporate officers, etc.If a person other than an individual commits a violation under this Act, any of the person’s officers, directors and agents or mandataries who directed, authorized, assented to or acquiesced or participated in the commission of the violation is a party to and liable for the violation, whether or not the person who actually committed it is proceeded against in accordance with this Act.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Vicarious liability — acts of employees, agents and mandatariesA person is liable for a violation that is committed by that person’s employee or agent or mandatary who is acting in the course of the employee’s employment or within the scope of the agent or mandatary’s authority, whether or not the employee or agent or mandatary who actually committed the violation is identified or proceeded against in accordance with this Act.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Continuing violationA violation that is continued on more than one day constitutes a separate violation in respect of each day during which it is continued.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Other Provisions
EvidenceIn any proceeding for a violation, a notice of violation purporting to be issued under this Act is admissible in evidence without proof of the signature or official character of the person appearing to have signed it.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Limitation period or prescriptionProceedings in respect of a violation may be commenced no later than two years after the day on which a designated person becomes aware of the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation.2012, c. 31, s. 3282019, c. 28, s. 71
CertificationA document appearing to have been issued by the Minister or a designated person and certifying the day on which the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged violation became known to a designated person is admissible in evidence without proof of the signature or official character of the person appearing to have signed it and, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, is proof that the designated person became aware of the acts or omissions on that day.2012, c. 31, s. 3282019, c. 28, s. 71
Information may be made publicThe Minister may make public the name and business address of a person who is deemed to have committed a violation or who was determined to have committed a violation, the acts or omissions and provisions at issue, and the amount payable as a result, if any.2012, c. 31, s. 328
How act or omission may be proceeded withIf an act or omission may be proceeded with either as a violation or as an offence, proceeding in one manner precludes proceeding in the other.2012, c. 31, s. 328
Offences and Punishment
OffenceEvery person is guilty of an offence, if the personcontravenes section 3, subsection 4(1) or (2), 5(1) or 7(12), section 8, subsection 10(1), 10.1(2), 10.2(1) or (2), 10.3(1) or 15(1), section 21, 22, 23 or 35 or subsection 37(1) or (2);contravenes an order given under paragraph 11(2)(a), (b) or (d), subsection 13(1) or (2), 15(3), 15.1(1) or 16(1) or paragraph 25.1(1)(a), (b), (d) or (e);does not take the measures required under subsection 10.3(2) or paragraph 15(2)(a) or (b);[Repealed, 2019, c. 28, s. 72][Repealed, 2019, c. 28, s. 72]contravenes a regulation or order made under section 28; orcontravenes an interim order made under section 32.PenaltiesEvery person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable, on summary conviction,in the case of an individual,for a first offence, to a fine of not more than $100,000, andfor a second or subsequent offence, to a fine of not more than $200,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than six months, or to both; andin the case of a corporation,for a first offence, to a fine of not more than $500,000, andfor a second or subsequent offence, to a fine of not more than $1,000,000.Vessel liable for fineIf any materials referred to in section 22 are thrown from or deposited by a vessel and a conviction is obtained for that activity, the vessel is liable for any fine that is imposed and may be detained by any port warden or the chief officer of customs at any port until the fine is paid.Continuing offenceIf the offence under subsection (1) is committed or continued on more than one day, the person who commits it is liable to be convicted for a separate offence for each day on which it is committed or continued.Officers, etc., of corporationsIf a corporation commits an offence under this Act, any officer, director or agent or mandatary of the corporation who directed, authorized, assented to, acquiesced in or participated in the commission of the offence is a party to, and guilty of, the offence and liable on conviction to the punishment provided for the offence, whether or not the corporation has been prosecuted or convicted.Duty to ensure complianceEvery director and officer of a corporation shall take all reasonable care to ensure that the corporation complies with this Act.Vicarious liability — acts of employees, agents and mandatariesA person is liable for an offence that is committed by that person’s employee or agent or mandatary who is acting in the course of the employee’s employment or within the scope of the agent or mandatary’s authority, whether or not the employee or agent or mandatary who actually committed the offence is identified or proceeded against in accordance with this Act.Due diligence defenceA person is not to be found guilty of an offence under subsection (1), other than for a contravention of subsection 37(1) or (2), if they establish that they exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence.2009, c. 2, s. 340; 2012, c. 31, s. 3292019, c. 28, s. 72
Limitation period or prescriptionProceedings in respect of an offence under this Act may be commenced no later than five years after the day on which a designated person becomes aware of the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged offence.2009, c. 2, s. 3402019, c. 28, s. 73
CertificationA document appearing to have been issued by the Minister or a designated person and certifying the day on which the acts or omissions that constitute the alleged offence became known to a designated person is admissible in evidence without proof of the signature or official character of the person appearing to have signed it and, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, is proof that the designated person became aware of the acts or omissions on that day.2019, c. 28, s. 73
Orders of courtIf a person is convicted of an offence under this Act, in addition to any punishment imposed, the court may, having regard to the nature of the offence and the circumstances surrounding its commission, make an order imposing any one or more of the following prohibitions, directions or requirements on the person:a prohibition from doing any act or engaging in any activity that may, in the opinion of the court, result in the continuation or repetition of the offence;a direction to publish, in any manner the court considers appropriate, the facts relating to the commission of the offence;a direction to pay the Minister an amount of money as compensation, in whole or in part, for the cost of any remedial or preventive action taken by or caused to be taken on behalf of the Minister as a result of the commission of the offence;a direction to perform community service in accordance with any reasonable conditions that may be specified in the order;a direction to post a bond or provide surety or pay into court an amount of money the court considers appropriate for the purpose of ensuring compliance with any prohibition, direction or requirement mentioned in this section;a direction to submit to the Minister, on application by the Minister within three years after the date of the conviction, any information respecting the activities of the person that the court considers appropriate in the circumstances; anda requirement to comply with any other conditions that the court considers appropriate for securing the person’s good conduct and for preventing the person from repeating the offence or committing other offences under this Act.2019, c. 28, s. 73
ForfeitureIf a person is found guilty of an offence, the court may, in addition to any punishment imposed, order that any seized thing under this Act, or any proceeds of its disposition, be forfeited to Her Majesty in right of Canada.Return if forfeiture not orderedIf the court does not order the forfeiture, the seized thing or the proceeds of its disposition must be returned or paid to its owner.2019, c. 28, s. 73
Retention or dispositionIf a fine is imposed on a person convicted of an offence, any seized thing, or any proceeds of its disposition, may be retained until the fine is paid, or the thing may be disposed of and the proceeds applied, in whole or in part, in payment of the fine.2019, c. 28, s. 73
Reporting of alleged contraventionsAn individual who has reasonable grounds to believe that a person has contravened or intends to contravene a provision of this Act or the regulations may notify the Minister of the particulars of the matter and may request that their identity be kept confidential with respect to the notification.ConfidentialityThe identity of an individual to whom the Minister has provided an assurance of confidentiality may be disclosed by the Minister only in accordance with the Privacy Act.2019, c. 28, s. 73
Review
Review of ActA review of the provisions and the operation of this Act must be completed by the Minister before the end of the fifth year after the day on which this section comes into force.Tabling of reportThe Minister must cause a report of the review to be laid before each House of Parliament on any of the first 15 days on which that House is sitting after the report has been completed.2019, c. 28, s. 73
(Paragraph 5(1)(b) and subsections 10(1) and (2) and 29(1) to (3))Navigable WatersPART 1Oceans and LakesColumn 1Column 2Column 3ItemNameApproximate LocationDescription1Arctic Ocean80°00′00″ N, 140°00′00″ WAll waters from the outer limit of the territorial sea up to the higher high water mean tide water level and includes all connecting waters up to an elevation intersecting with that level2Pacific Ocean50°00′00″ N, 135°00′00″ WAll waters from the outer limit of the territorial sea up to the higher high water mean tide water level and includes all connecting waters up to an elevation intersecting with that level3Powell Lake50°04′59″ N, 124°25′00″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways4Williston Lake55°57′55″ N, 123°53′37″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways5Pitt Lake49°24′53″ N, 122°33′05″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways6Harrison Lake49°26′05″ N, 121°48′35″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways7Great Bear Lake65°50′00″ N, 120°45′06″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways8Kamloops Lake50°43′59″ N, 120°37′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways9Okanagan Lake49°45′00″ N, 119°43′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways10Little Shuswap Lake50°50′59″ N, 119°37′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways11Shuswap Lake50°55′59″ N, 119°16′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways12Mara Lake50°46′59″ N, 118°59′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways13Lake Revelstoke51°25′09″ N, 118°27′46″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways14Kinbasket Lake52°07′59″ N, 118°27′00″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways15Lower Arrow Lake49°45′00″ N, 118°07′00″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways16Upper Arrow Lake50°34′59″ N, 117°56′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways17Kootenay Lake49°40′00″ N, 116°54′00″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways18Great Slave Lake61°30′00″ N, 114°00′04″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways19Lake Athabasca59°00′00″ N, 110°30′00″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways20Lake Winnipegosis52°28′59″ N, 99°58′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways21Lake Manitoba50°25′42″ N, 98°16′30″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways22Lake Winnipeg52°07′54″ N, 97°15′39″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways23Baker Lake64°10′00″ N, 95°29′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways24Lake of the Woods49°01′39″ N, 94°36′44″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways25Eagle Lake49°40′53″ N, 93°04′11″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways26Rainy Lake48°38′12″ N, 93°01′52″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways27Nipigon Lake49°50′00″ N, 88°29′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways28Lake Superior48°19′56″ N, 87°05′54″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways29Lake St. Clair42°24′01″ N, 82°37′27″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways30Lake Huron44°38′26″ N, 81°46′04″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways31Lake Erie42°27′14″ N, 81°07′16″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways32Nipissing Lake46°16′02″ N, 79°47′13″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways33Joseph Lake45°11′30″ N, 79°44′45″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways34Little Lake44°49′06″ N, 79°42′47″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways35Gloucester Pool44°50′41″ N, 79°42′35″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways36Cain Lake44°54′38″ N, 79°37′22″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways37Rosseau Lake45°10′30″ N, 79°36′09″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways38Muskoka Lake45°03′12″ N, 79°28′28″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways39Timiskaming Lake47°07′52″ N, 79°26′45″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways40Sparrow Lake44°49′06″ N, 79°23′46″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways41Lake Couchiching44°39′51″ N, 79°22′34″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways42Lake Simcoe44°25′24″ N, 79°22′16″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways43Vernon Lake45°19′46″ N, 79°17′49″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways44Mary Lake45°14′39″ N, 79°15′30″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways45Fairy Lake45°19′43″ N, 79°10′50″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways46Peninsula Lake45°20′20″ N, 79°06′07″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways47Lake of Bays45°14′04″ N, 79°03′02″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways48Canal Lake44°33′57″ N, 79°02′29″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways49Mitchell Lake44°34′25″ N, 78°57′01″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways50Lake Scugog44°11′00″ N, 78°51′26″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways51Balsam Lake44°34′49″ N, 78°50′29″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways52Cameron Lake44°33′07″ N, 78°45′39″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways53Sturgeon Lake44°28′27″ N, 78°41′19″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways54Pigeon Lake44°29′25″ N, 78°29′50″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways55Little Bald Lake44°34′28″ N, 78°24′54″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways56Buckhorn Lake44°29′04″ N, 78°23′44″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways57Chemong Lake44°23′18″ N, 78°23′33″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways58Big Bald Lake44°34′35″ N, 78°23′10″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways59Upper Chemong Lake44°28′52″ N, 78°20′49″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways60Lower Buckhorn Lake44°33′03″ N, 78°16′14″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways61Katchewanooka Lake44°27′15″ N, 78°15′49″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways62Lovesick Lake44°33′25″ N, 78°14′00″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways63Clear Lake44°30′55″ N, 78°11′38″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways64Fairy Lake44°32′54″ N, 78°10′14″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways65Rice Lake44°11′17″ N, 78°09′44″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways66Stony Lake44°33′45″ N, 78°06′31″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways67Big Duck Pond44°33′25″ N, 78°05′42″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways68Duck Pond44°33′40″ N, 78°05′23″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways69Lake Ontario43°47′43″ N, 77°54′19″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways70Seymour Lake44°23′05″ N, 77°48′35″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways71Colonel By Lake44°18′29″ N, 76°25′44″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways72Loon Lake44°36′41″ N, 76°23′16″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways73Pollywog Lake44°36′39″ N, 76°22′10″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways74Mosquito Lake44°36′06″ N, 76°21′57″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways75Benson Lake44°35′21″ N, 76°21′11″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways76Dog Lake44°26′07″ N, 76°20′41″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways77Upper Rideau Lake44°40′57″ N, 76°20′11″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways78Opinicon Lake44°33′32″ N, 76°19′41″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways79Cranesnest Lake44°27′44″ N, 76°19′39″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways80Indian Lake44°35′31″ N, 76°19′37″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways81Newboro Lake44°37′53″ N, 76°19′03″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways82Clear Lake44°36′19″ N, 76°18′43″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways83Cranberry Lake44°26′21″ N, 76°18′24″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways84Sand Lake44°34′06″ N, 76°15′41″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways85Little Cranberry Lake44°28′37″ N, 76°15′35″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways86Whitefish Lake44°30′56″ N, 76°14′22″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways87Lost Lake44°44′08″ N, 76°13′36″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways88Long Island Lake44°44′22″ N, 76°13′20″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways89Adams Lake44°48′42″ N, 76°12′46″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways90Big Rideau Lake44°46′14″ N, 76°12′44″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways91Little Lake44°43′39″ N, 76°10′36″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways92Lower Rideau Lake44°51′58″ N, 76°07′07″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways93Dows Lake45°23′40″ N, 75°42′05″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways94Lac des Deux Montagnes45°26′59″ N, 73°59′59″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways95Lac Memphrémagog45°08′34″ N, 72°16′08″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways96Lac Saint-Jean48°35′40″ N, 72°01′48″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways97Atlantic Ocean43°00′00″ N, 63°00′00″ WAll waters from the outer limit of the territorial sea up to the higher high water mean tide water level and includes all connecting waters up to an elevation intersecting with that level98Bras d’Or Lake45°51′36″ N, 60°46′44″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways99Great Bras d’Or Lake46°03′24″ N, 60°42′03″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways100Lake Melville53°40′55″ N, 59°44′55″ WThe lake’s water boundary includes the mouths of all connecting waterways
PART 2Rivers and RiverinesColumn 1Column 2Column 3Column 4ItemNameApproximate Downstream PointApproximate Upstream PointDescription1Yukon River64°40′57″ N, 141°00′00″ W60°41′57″ N, 135°02′34″ WFrom the rapids near the dam in Whitehorse to the Canada–U.S. border2Alsek River59°26′03″ N, 137°58′19″ W60°39′03″ N, 137°48′25″ WFrom the confluence of the Dezadeash River and the Kaskawulsh River to the Canada–U.S. border3Tatshenshini River59°28′24″ N, 137°44′21″ W59°51′42″ N, 136°39′21″ WFrom Goat Creek to the Alsek River4Mackenzie River69°20′59″ N, 133°54′10″ W61°03′31″ N, 116°33′22″ WFrom Great Slave Lake to the Arctic Ocean5Arctic Red River67°25′35″ N, 133°45′40″ W64°31′20″ N, 131°32′18″ WFrom Backbone Range, Mackenzie Mountains, to the Mackenzie River6Skeena River54°01′00″ N, 130°06′12″ W55°41′53″ N, 127°41′40″ WFrom the confluence with the Babine River to the Pacific Ocean7Nass River54°59′06″ N, 129°43′07″ W56°09′52″ N, 129°01′41″ WFrom the confluence with the Bell-Irving River to the Pacific Ocean8Anderson River69°40′35″ N, 128°58′11″ W66°57′20″ N, 124°34′23″ WFrom Lac des Bois to the Arctic Ocean9Horton River70°13′24″ N, 127°32′45″ W67°48′40″ N, 120°34′26″ WFrom the Haldane River to the Amundsen Gulf10South Nahanni River61°03′03″ N, 123°20′30″ W62°59′01″ N, 129°37′23″ WFrom Mount Christie to the Liard River11Fraser River49°06′10″ N, 123°17′59″ W53°01′50″ N, 119°12′17″ WFrom the Overland Falls to the Pacific Ocean12Pitt River49°13′43″ N, 122°46′03″ W49°21′06″ N, 122°36′35″ WFrom Pitt Lake to the Fraser River13Harrison River49°13′51″ N, 121°56′43″ W49°18′42″ N, 121°48′12″ WFrom Harrison Lake to the Fraser River14Thompson River50°14′06″ N, 121°35′03″ W50°40′50″ N, 120°20′18″ WFrom the South Thompson River to the Fraser River15Liard River61°50′55″ N, 121°18′35″ W61°14′12″ N, 131°37′39″ WFrom Mount Lewis to the Mackenzie River16South Thompson River50°40′50″ N, 120°20′18″ W50°49′38″ N, 119°42′01″ WFrom Little Shuswap Lake to the Thompson River17Kootenay River49°18′56″ N, 117°39′08″ W49°37′32″ N, 116°56′36″ WFrom Kootenay Lake to the Columbia River18Columbia River49°00′00″ N, 117°37′55″ W52°04′30″ N, 118°33′58″ WFrom Kinbasket Lake to the Canada–U.S. border19Coppermine River67°49′09″ N, 115°04′30″ W64°51′17″ N, 110°25′41″ WFrom Lac de Gras to the Coronation Gulf20Bow River49°56′05″ N, 111°41′19″ W51°13′08″ N, 114°42′28″ WFrom Ghost Lake to the South Saskatchewan River21Peace River59°00′01″ N, 111°24′47″ W56°00′48″ N, 122°12′18″ WFrom Williston Lake to the Slave River22Clearwater River56°44′51″ N, 111°22′57″ W57°32′30″ N, 108°53′03″ WFrom the Mirror River to the Athabasca River23Athabasca River58°40′10″ N, 110°50′15″ W52°44′09″ N, 117°57′17″ WFrom the confluence with the Whirlpool River to Lake Athabasca24North Saskatchewan River53°14′07″ N, 105°04′58″ W52°22′35″ N, 115°24′05″ WFrom the confluence with the Ram River to the confluence with the South Saskatchewan River25South Saskatchewan River53°14′07″ N, 105°04′58″ W49°56′05″ N, 111°41′19″ WFrom the confluence of the Bow River and the Oldman River to the confluence with the North Saskatchewan River26Saskatchewan River53°27′43″ N, 105°04′08″ W53°11′08″ N, 99°15′24″ WFrom the confluence of the North Saskatchewan River and the South Saskatchewan River to Lake Winnipeg27Dubawnt River63°33′49″ N, 100°42′29″ W64°30′35″ N, 100°05′40″ WFrom Dubawnt Lake to the Thelon River28Assiniboine River49°53′08″ N, 97°07′41″ W50°58′35″ N, 101°24′26″ WFrom the Shellmouth Dam to the Red River29Red River50°23′12″ N, 96°47′58″ W49°00′02″ N, 97°13′43″ WFrom the Canada–U.S. Border to Lake Winnipeg30Bloodvein River51°47′25″ N, 96°43′02″ W51°11′58″ N, 94°22′51″ WFrom Red Lake to Lake Winnipeg31Winnipeg River50°37′54″ N, 96°19′13″ W49°45′59″ N, 94°30′39″ WFrom Lake of the Woods to Lake Winnipeg32Kazan River64°02′26″ N, 95°28′49″ W61°15′06″ N, 100°58′00″ WFrom Ennadai Lake to Baker Lake33Seal River59°04′22″ N, 94°47′44″ W58°49′44″ N, 97°35′39″ WFrom Shethanei Lake to Hudson Bay34Rainy River48°50′20″ N, 94°41′08″ W48°36′54″ N, 93°21′11″ WFrom Rainy Lake to Lake of the Woods35Churchill River58°47′23″ N, 94°12′22″ W55°49′03″ N, 108°22′44″ WFrom Churchill Lake to Hudson Bay36Hayes River57°03′34″ N, 92°10′13″ W54°19′12″ N, 96°41′30″ WFrom Molson Lake to Hudson Bay37Thelon River63°23′06″ N, 90°42′37″ W62°20′37″ N, 105°57′16″ WFrom Whitefish Lake to Hudson Bay38Boundary Waters – Voyageur Waterway47°59′50″ N, 89°34′37″ W48°21′39″ N, 92°03′54″ WBoundary waters between Canada and the U.S. from Lake Superior to Lac la Croix39St. Marys River46°03′34″ N, 83°56′44″ W46°31′13″ N, 84°37′08″ WFrom Lake Superior to Lake Huron40Detroit River42°04′54″ N, 83°07′32″ W42°21′06″ N, 82°55′25″ WFrom Lake St. Clair to Lake Erie41St. Clair River42°36′53″ N, 82°30′59″ W43°00′10″ N, 82°25′13″ WFrom Lake Huron to Lake St. Clair42Thames River42°19′09″ N, 82°27′15″ W43°17′01″ N, 80°46′14″ WFrom the Town of Tavistock to Lake St. Clair43French River45°56′28″ N, 80°54′05″ W46°12′31″ N, 79°49′03″ WFrom Lake Nipissing to Lake Huron44Moose River51°23′15″ N, 80°21′54″ W51°08′09″ N, 80°50′20″ WFrom the Kwetabohigan Rapids to Hudson Bay45Nottawasaga River44°32′19″ N, 80°00′28″ W44°08′18″ N, 79°48′38″ WFrom the 13th Line bridge to Lake Huron46Severn River44°48′13″ N, 79°43′12″ W44°44′39″ N, 79°20′21″ WFrom Lake Couchiching to Lake Huron47Grand River42°51′18″ N, 79°34′40″ W43°08′13″ N, 80°16′09″ WFrom the dam at Brantford to Lake Erie48Holland River44°12′10″ N, 79°30′52″ W44°06′46″ N, 79°32′44″ WFrom the Bridge Street bridge to Lake Simcoe49Holland River East Branch44°07′35″ N, 79°30′15″ W44°07′35″ N, 79°30′15″ WFrom the Queensville Side Road bridge to the Holland River50Humber River43°37′55″ N, 79°28′19″ W43°39′08″ N, 79°29′44″ WFrom the rapids at Old Mill to Lake Ontario51Mattawa River46°18′48″ N, 79°15′55″ W46°19′11″ N, 78°42′27″ WFrom the Ottawa River to Trout Lake52North Branch of Muskoka River45°16′04″ N, 79°13′45″ W45°18′42″ N, 79°11′46″ WFrom Fairy Lake to Mary Lake53Welland Canal43°14′41″ N, 79°13′00″ W42°52′01″ N, 79°15′06″ WA canal that connects Lake Erie to Lake Ontario54Trent Canal44°28′17″ N, 79°10′14″ W44°32′10″ N, 79°04′00″ WFrom Canal Lake to Lake Simcoe55The Canal45°20′06″ N, 79°08′43″ W45°20′24″ N, 79°07′57″ WFrom Peninsula Lake to Fairy Lake56Niagara River43°15′43″ N, 79°04′23″ W42°53′18″ N, 78°54′43″ WFrom Lake Erie to Lake Ontario57Trent Canal44°34′59″ N, 79°00′34″ W44°34′39″ N, 78°53′39″ WFrom Balsam Lake to Canal Lake58Rosedale River44°34′13″ N, 78°45′57″ W44°34′24″ N, 78°47′46″ WFrom Balsam Lake to Cameron Lake59Scugog River44°24′06″ N, 78°45′00″ W44°16′09″ N, 78°45′11″ WFrom Lake Scugog to Sturgeon Lake60Fenelon River44°31′37″ N, 78°43′41″ W44°32′13″ N, 78°44′30″ WFrom Cameron Lake to Sturgeon Lake61Pigeon River44°21′48″ N, 78°30′54″ W44°17′56″ N, 78°33′20″ WFrom the dam in Omemee to Pigeon Lake62Trent Canal44°17′55″ N, 78°18′17″ W44°21′12″ N, 78°17′32″ WConnecting two parts of the Otonabee River at Peterborough63Otonabee River44°09′12″ N, 78°13′51″ W44°25′58″ N, 78°16′23″ WFrom Katchewanooka Lake to Rice Lake64Murray Canal44°03′38″ N, 77°35′02″ W44°01′56″ N, 77°40′37″ WConnecting two parts of Lake Ontario65Trent River/Canal44°05′59″ N, 77°34′18″ W44°15′40″ N, 78°02′51″ WFrom Rice Lake to Lake Ontario66Petawawa River45°54′38″ N, 77°15′30″ W45°53′02″ N, 77°23′27″ WFrom the confluence with the Barron River to the Ottawa River67Cataraqui River44°13′37″ N, 76°28′27″ W44°25′36″ N, 76°18′28″ WFrom Cranberry Lake to Lake Ontario68River Styx44°19′07″ N, 76°25′36″ W44°22′21″ N, 76°20′48″ WFrom the Cataraqui River to Colonel By Lake69Stevens Creek44°36′41″ N, 76°23′16″ W44°37′28″ N, 76°21′38″ WFrom Loon Lake to Newboro Lake70Tay River/Canal44°52′25″ N, 76°08′10″ W44°53′50″ N, 76°15′29″ WFrom the Peter Street bridge in Perth to the Lower Rideau Lake71Rideau Canal45°25′36″ N, 75°41′56″ W45°22′11″ N, 75°41′55″ WFrom the Rideau River to the Ottawa River72Rideau River45°26′29″ N, 75°41′49″ W44°52′16″ N, 76°05′01″ WFrom Lower Rideau Lake to the Ottawa River73Kemptville Creek45°03′20″ N, 75°39′15″ W45°01′39″ N, 75°38′29″ WFrom the Highway 43 bridge to the Rideau River74Ottawa River45°33′59″ N, 74°23′11″ W47°07′52″ N, 79°26′45″ WFrom Timiskaming Lake to the St. Lawrence River75Canal de Beauharnois45°19′13″ N, 73°55′00″ W45°13′41″ N, 74°10′12″ WBranch of the St. Lawrence River76Lachine Canal45°29′58″ N, 73°33′06″ W45°25′51″ N, 73°40′10″ WBranch of the St. Lawrence River77Rivière des Mille-Îles45°41′56″ N, 73°31′30″ W45°31′58″ N, 73°53′05″ WBranch of the St. Lawrence River78Rivière des Prairies45°42′26″ N, 73°28′25″ W45°28′24″ N, 73°56′27″ W (south branch) and 45°31′22″ N, 73°53′06″ W (north branch)Branch of the St. Lawrence River79Richelieu River46°02′55″ N, 73°07′10″ W45°00′39″ N, 73°20′38″ WFrom the Canada–U.S. border to the St. Lawrence River80Rivière Saint-Maurice46°21′04″ N, 72°31′12″ W46°32′15″ N, 72°46′01″ WFrom the Shawinigan Dam to the St. Lawrence River81Soper River62°54′25″ N, 69°50′41″ W63°32′39″ N, 69°32′43″ WFrom the highlands of the Meta Incognita Peninsula to Soper Lake82Saguenay River48°07′28″ N, 69°41′07″ W48°35′09″ N, 71°47′06″ WFrom Lac Saint-Jean to the St. Lawrence River83Restigouche River47°59′28″ N, 66°46′10″ W47°39′52″ N, 67°29′28″ WFrom the confluence of the Little Main Restigouche River and the Kedgwick River to the Gulf of St. Lawrence84St. Croix River45°09′54″ N, 67°10′47″ W45°34′09″ N, 67°25′38″ WFrom the Chiputneticook Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean85Saint John River44°16′00″ N, 66°04′00″ W47°10′40″ N, 68°54′01″ WFrom the Canada–U.S. border to the Atlantic Ocean86St. Lawrence River49°40′00″ N, 64°29′59″ W44°06′58″ N, 76°28′43″ WFrom Lake Ontario to the Atlantic Ocean87LaHave River44°15′59″ N, 64°19′57″ W44°23′22″ N, 64°31′53″ WFrom the rapids in Bridgewater to the Atlantic Ocean88Margaree River46°26′33″ N, 61°06′46″ W46°20′08″ N, 61°05′33″ WFrom the Margaree River fork to the Atlantic Ocean89Main River49°45′52″ N, 56°54′34″ W49°58′47″ N, 57°23′37″ WFrom the Long Range Mountains to White Bay
2012, c. 31, s. 331; SOR/2014-72, ss. 1 to 7, 8(F), 9 to 31; SOR/2016-2692019, c. 28, s. 742019, c. 28, s. 75SOR/2019-321, s. 1RELATED PROVISIONS — 2012, c. 31, s. 332
ApprovalsEvery work in respect of which an approval was granted under the Navigable Waters Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Division is deemed to be approved under section 6 of the Navigation Protection Act, except if it is stated in the approval that the work interferes, other than substantially, with navigation, in which case the work is deemed to be validly constructed or placed in accordance with section 9 of the Navigation Protection Act.Terms and conditionsAny term or condition imposed on an approval granted under the Navigable Waters Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Division remains in effect.Designated worksEvery work, the construction or placement of which was permitted under section 5.1 of the Navigable Waters Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Division, is deemed to be validly constructed or placed in accordance with section 10 of the Navigation Protection Act.Lawful worksA work referred to in subsection 4(1) or (2) or section 8 of the Navigable Waters Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Division remains validly constructed or placed under the Navigation Protection Act.Works — navigable watersEvery work referred to in subsection (1), (3) or (4) that is constructed or placed in, on, over, under, through or across any navigable water other than any navigable water listed in the schedule to the Navigation Protection Act is deemed to be constructed or placed in, on, over, under, through or across a navigable water listed in the schedule.Opt outSubsection (5) does not apply to a work on receipt by the Minister of Transport of a notice to that effect. The notice shall be given by the owner, as defined in section 2 of the Navigation Protection Act, no later than five years after the coming into force of this Division.
 — 2012, c. 31, s. 333
Request for approval not decidedEvery request for approval of a work submitted under the Navigable Waters Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Division that has not been decided before that coming into force is deemed to be a notice referred to in subsection 5(1) of the Navigation Protection Act.
 — 2012, c. 31, s. 334
Minor Works and Waters (Navigable Waters Protection Act) OrderThe works established as classes of works in the Minor Works and Waters (Navigable Waters Protection Act) Order are deemed to be minor works designated under paragraph 28(2)(a) of the Navigation Protection Act until an order is made under that paragraph.Terms and conditionsEvery term and condition imposed under paragraph 13(1)(b) of the Navigable Waters Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Division with respect to the minor works referred to in subsection (1) is deemed to be made under paragraph 28(2)(c) of the Navigation Protection Act until an order is made under that paragraph.Minor Works and Waters (Navigable Waters Protection Act) OrderThe navigable waters established as classes of navigable waters in the Minor Works and Waters (Navigable Waters Protection Act) Order are deemed to be minor waters designated under paragraph 28(2)(b) of the Navigation Protection Act until an order is made under that paragraph.Terms and conditionsEvery term and condition imposed under paragraph 13(1)(b) of the Navigable Waters Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of this Division with respect to the minor waters referred to in subsection (3) is deemed to be made under paragraph 28(2)(d) of the Navigation Protection Act until an order is made under that paragraph.
 — 2019, c. 1, s. 132
Section 20 of Navigation Protection ActA notice given under section 20 of the Navigation Protection Act before the day on which section 138 comes into force is deemed to have been given under subsection 38(2).
 — 2019, c. 28, s. 76
Deemed approvalA work is deemed to have been approved under section 7 of the Canadian Navigable Waters Act, as enacted by section 49 of this Act, if it was or was deemed to beapproved under section 6 of the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act; orpermitted under section 9 of the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act.Terms and conditionsAny term or condition attached to an approval under section 6 of the Navigation Protection Act as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act — or imposed under section 9 of that Act as it read at that time — remains in effect.Validity period of approvalDespite subsection 332(2) of the Jobs and Growth Act, 2012, a term or condition relating to a validity period that was imposed on an approval granted under the Navigable Waters Protection Act before April 1, 2014 is of no force or effect if the validity period in question had not expired before that date.
 — 2019, c. 28, s. 77
Minor worksA work is deemed to be validly constructed or placed in accordance with section 4 of the Canadian Navigable Waters Act, as enacted by section 49 of this Act, if it was, or was deemed to be, validly constructed or placed in accordance with section 10 of the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act.Deemed designationAny work designated or deemed to have been designated as a minor work under paragraph 28(2)(a) of the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act, is deemed to be designated as a minor work under paragraph 28(2)(a) of the Canadian Navigable Waters Act until an order is made under that paragraph.Terms and conditionsEvery term and condition imposed, or deemed to have been imposed, under paragraph 28(2)(c) of the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act, with respect to the minor works referred to in subsection (1), is deemed to be imposed under paragraph 28(2)(c) of the Canadian Navigable Waters Act until an order is made under that paragraph.
 — 2019, c. 28, s. 78
Navigable waters not listed in the scheduleFor the purposes of the Canadian Navigable Waters Act, any work that is referred to in subsection 332(3) or (4) of the Jobs and Growth Act, 2012 and that was deemed to be constructed or placed in, on, over, under, through or across a navigable water listed in the schedule to the Navigation Protection Act in accordance with subsection 332(5) of the Jobs and Growth Act, 2012 is not constructed or placed in, on, over, under, through or across a navigable water listed in the schedule to the Canadian Navigable Waters Act.
 — 2019, c. 28, s. 79
Validly constructed or placedA work that was or was deemed to be validly constructed or placed under the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act, remains validly constructed or placed under the Canadian Navigable Waters Act.
 — 2019, c. 28, s. 80
Notice or application not decidedEvery notice of a proposed work given under subsection 5(1) of the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act, and every application for an approval of a work submitted under subsection 6(1) of that Act, as it read immediately before that coming into force, that has not been decided before that coming into force is deemed to be an application for an approval made under subsection 5(1) of the Canadian Navigable Waters Act.Request not grantedEvery request made under subsection 4(1) of the Navigation Protection Act, as it read immediately before the coming into force of section 46 of this Act, that has not been accepted before that coming into force is deemed to be an application for an approval made under paragraph 10(1)(a) of the Canadian Navigable Waters Act.
2024, c. 302024-11-27SOR/2019-3212019-10-042019, c. 282019-08-292019, c. 282019-08-282019, c. 12019-07-302019, c. 282019-06-21